In a large cohort study of more than 21,000 adults 65 years or older in the US, the authors reported that the prevalence of dementia decreased significantly from 11.6% to 8.8% between 2000 and 2012. Notably, an increasing educational attainment may have contributed to such an improvement.
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From the employment of Pokémon GO! in public health to new advancements in tackling ALS and inducing partial recovery in paraplegic patients, there have been plenty of noteworthy news and evidence updates shared on the Among Doctors network. Let’s have a look at some of them:
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On this year’s World Hepatitis Day, WHO calls for a rapid action to raise awareness of the disease, and increase access to testing and treatment services. Globally, 400 million people are affected by a viral hepatitis infection -a number that represents more than 10 times that of people infected with HIV. According to WHO, it is estimated that approximately 95% of people with chronic hepatitis are unaware of their infection, and less that 1% have access to treatment.
Moreover, WHO has recently published guidelines for the screening and treatment of people with hepatitis C infection, providing recommendations on the preferred regimens, and encouraging the employment of direct-acting antiviral combinations when appropriate.
Over the last days fellow colleagues shared articles, recommendations, and other noteworthy news on the Among Doctors network. Among them, there is also a very interesting blog post on Psychological And Mental Health by Professor Gabriel Ivbijaro (President of the World Federation for Mental Health and Chair of The World Dignity Project) that worths reading. Let’s have a look at the top picks of these news:
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The International Antiviral Society – USA Panel published their updated recommendations on antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. With more than 37 million people living with an HIV infection in the world, and 20 million not receiving an antiretroviral therapy, the new guidelines reiterate that all individuals diagnosed with the infection should initiate treatment as soon as possible, regardless of the CD4 cell count.
Moreover, the guidelines reflect on the substantial advances of the ARVs since the last recommendations were released in 2014, recommending initial regimens of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI) for most patients. Further points on preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis are discussed, as well as the pharmacoeconomics of the treatment, especially considering the introduction of less-expensive generic formulations.
In the accompanying editorial on JAMA, Kenneth Mayer and Douglas Krakower consider the guidelines a reflection of a successful 35-year research effort and argue that, “Historians may wonder whether the pace of discovery in the early days of the epidemic could have been accelerated, but no one can doubt the signal accomplishments of biobehavioral research and community engagement in forging a common strategy to deal with this global pandemic, one that continues to pose new challenges.”
More and more medical news are shared by fellow colleagues on the Among Doctors network on a daily basis. Here’s a selection of those the latest ones:
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During the past weeks two important recommendations were published from the US Preventive Services Task Forse (USPSTF) on the screening for colorectal cancer and syphilis. Let’s have a look at them, alongside other news that our members shared in the Among Doctors community:
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The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently published its recommendations on screening for colorectal cancer on JAMA, concluding that screening is beneficial in average-risk, asymptomatic adults starting at age 50 and continuing until age 75 years (A recommendation). In adults aged 76 to 85 years, the decision should take into consideration the health and history of the patient (C recommendation).
Screening for colorectal cancer can reduce mortality, whichever strategy is employed, says the USPSTF. Seven different screening approaches are included in the recommendations, despite their difference in effectiveness and potential harm: colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical testing for occult blood (FIT), multitargeted DNA stool test (FIT-DNA), guaiac-based fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, sigmoidoscopy with FIT, and CT colonography. The economic impact of such a screening is not addressed either.
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In a study published yesterday in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Ramon Ostrich and colleagues reported on the Spanish PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) randomized controlled trial and on the long-term weight change. In their five-year intervention, nearly 7500 asymptomatic men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus or more than two cardiovascular risk factors were randomly assigned to receive either one of the two unrestricted-calorie Mediterranean diets (one supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil and one supplemented with nuts) or the control diet which included advice to reduce dietary fat.
The authors reported that although the dietary fat consumption was higher for the participants of the Mediterranean diets, in the five-years follow-up not only was there no weight gain, but they even noticed some evidence of decrease in the weight and waist circumference. The results of the study support the hypothesis that restricting calorie intake of healthy fats does not contribute to bodyweight maintenance.
Besides the 69th World Health Assembly in Geneva that saw the release of many reports and news, this was a week of a plethora of other articles and evidence published worldwide. Fellow physicians selected the most important ones and shared them on the Among Doctors network:
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